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affecting ETS, (3) to evaluate cotinine as a biomarker and (4) to develop models for non-
smoking sections.
Nicotine in gas and particulate phases, solanesol, aldehydes, 3-
ethenylpyridine, CO, CO, , Of , RSP, temperature and pressure were measured in the smoking
section and at three locations in the non-smoking section with the PASS samplers. Nicotine
and cotinine were measured in the total urine samples of the passengers who operated the
samplers for the time period extending 24 hours before the flight to 48 hours after the flight.
Atmospheric samples were also collected to determine the personnel's exposure to nicotine
during the same time period. This study concluded that the rate of penetration of ETS species
from smoking to non-smoking sections followed first order mechanism, cotinine in urine was
highly correlated with nicotine, nicotine disappeared more rapidly in the cabin air than RSP,
CO and NO , probably due to the adsorption by the fabrics, and for the passengers in the non-
smoking section, more exposure to nicotine occurred in the airport than in the aircraft cabin.
A separate study concerning nicotine in ETS by P. R. Nelson (R. J. Reynolds Tobacco)
. . . . .
showed a different decay phenomenon. With a controlled environmental chamber, 1R4F
Kentucky reference cigarettes, and real-time and discreet analyses, the ratios between the
concentrations of nicotine and other selected ETS constituents such as CO, CO, , NO, , pyridine,
solanesol, RSP and total hydrocarbons were calculated up to six hours following the smoking.
The wide variation of the ratios was caused by the decay of nicotine at a different rate than
other ETS components. The data also indicated that nicotine tended to linger in the
environment longer than other ETS constituents due to the adsorption and re-evaporation
involving the chamber wall. Exposure to ETS solely based on nicotine concentration may be
overestimated and exposure to nicotine while other ETS constituents are absent is possible.
Other talks in this session included a pilot field study from Battelle Institute by
measuring PAH's associated with smoking, heating and cooking systems in residential air, a
comparative study of PASS and personal sampling methods for nicotine in ETS by W. E.
Crouse of Lorillard Tobacco; and a Yale University study concerning the sources of aerosol
mass and inorganic elements in indoor air. The Battelle data came from a very small sample
size (eight homes) and appeared to be biased, in my opinion, to single out cigarette smoke. The
Lorillard study, conducted in 20 restaurants, found that PASS cases provided nicotine
concentration consistently and significantly higher (p<0.02) than that from the personal
sampler. Several speculative reasons, pending for additional study, were given. The Yale
study correlated smoking with aerosol mass, chlorine, potassium, bromine and cadmium. No
explanations were given as to the possible precursors for these elements.
This memo reported only the highlights of a selected number of papers presented at the
conference. I have abstracts and notes for some other talks to share with anyone who is
interested. A symposium book containing the full papers will be available in the summer.
cc:
J. Charles
M. Parrish
B. Ferguson
E. Thomas
C. Kroustalis
Central Files
-3-
2022155946
Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/qhxj0037

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