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urinary calcium excretion is elevated. The protein intake tablished, copper balance is maintained with intakes of
so the U S. generally exceeds the protein RDA, thus the 1.3 my day for preadolescent girls, 2 mg/day for adults.
tabulated value of SOD mg calcium per day for adults and 80 ag kg day for infants and children (1,7).
is maintained. However. It is acknowledged in the
text that less calcium is needed by theme persons can-
Todine. An lodine intake of Ing by body weight is rec
soming proteins in amounts approaching the protein
ommended for the prevention of goner. Additional
RDA. Calcium balance can be attained with calcium in-
todine is required by grooving children and pregnant and
takes below the RDA. It is noted in the test that about
Rictating women, lodine make varies widely; however
85 per cent of the calcium intake in the U.S. is ahturned to prevent deficiencies it is suggested that only lodized
from milk and dairy products. An additional 400 mg
salt be used in the household
of calcium are needed during pregnancy and lactation.
A calcium-to-phosphate dietary ratio between 2:1 4ma
Fluorine. Fluorine is an essential clement although RDA
have not been established for this nutrient. The fluoride-
1:2 has previously been recommended, however, ratios tion of public water supplies which contain an insufficient
outside these boundaries are tolerated, provided vitamin concentration of fluorine is endorsed by the Food and
" intake is sufficient. Except for the young infant, the Nutrition Board (1).
phosphorus RDA is identical to the calcium RDA. A
calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of 1.S:1 is recommended Zine. The single new addition to the 1974 RDA table
during early infancy
is the allowance for zine, 15 mg for adult men and
Magnesium. Recent studies support an allowance of 350
women. The allowance is based on data from metabolic
ing magnesium for adult males and 300 mg for adult fe-
studies and the average cine content of mixed diets. An
males (1 )-recommendations similar to those of 1968
additional 5 mg of zine is recommended during preg-
(2). During pregnancy and lactation an additional 150
nancy and 10 mg during lactation. In the Middle East.
ing magnesium are recommended
zine deficiency, characterized by hypogonadism and
dwarfism, has been demonstrated in man. In the U.S.
RDA have been derived only for those trace elements
marginal rather than severe zine deficiencies are more
or which sufficient scientific evidence from balance
likely to be evident. Increased zine intake by persons
studies and nutritional and epidemiologic surveys is
ys is probably zine deficient has accelerated wound healing
available. The average availability of trace elements from
and improved taste acuity ( 1,7).
a balanced diet is carefully considered in formulating Chromium. Although a RDA for chromium has not
RDA. Concern is expressed in the text regarding trace been established, it is essential for man. This trace ele-
element imbalances in the future. The habitual intake ment probably acts as a cofactor for insulin, Marginal
of highly refined or fabricated foods could lead to trace deficiencies of chromium in selected populations are
element deficiencies. Conversely, exposure to environ-
ments contaminated with heavy metals could be toxic.
suspect
Emphasis is placed on the consumption of a varied and
OTHER NUTRIENTS
balanced diet to insure an adequate intake of trace ele-
Other nutrients not included in the table but discussed
ments ( 1,7).
in the text are: water, vitamin K. biotin, choline, panto-
Iron. The RDA for iron in the 8th edition has bee
thenle seid, sodium, potassium, chloride, and trace cle-
maintained at 10 mg/day for adult males and pastmeno-
ments such as cobalt, manganese, molybdsoum, seleni-
pausal females and 18 mg day for women of childbear-
um, nickel, lin, vanadium, and silicon ( 1 )
ing age. The significant change in the 1974 RDA is the
Arkaoshiemeets The Sabinal Dairy Caused asames the Ie
recommendation for supplemental iron (30 my to 60 mg)
sensibility for writing and sums this publication, However, we
for pregnant women (1).
copper. Although s RDA for copper has not been es
Academy of
REFERENCES
Because of the scope and the importance of the new RDA, the abstracts customarily given in the section
"Worth Noung" have been omitted from this issue.
ispuffce tuss /www industrydocuments test edu/does/glyko- 26

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